Figure 1: Starter Pokémon from the Johto region standing on a laboratory staircase. From left to right; Cyndaquil (Dorsovulcan timere), Totodile (Daknosuchus familiaris), and Chikorita (Herbsuavis acrophyllus). Daknosuchus familiaris is a basic Water-type starter, H. acrophyllus, a Grass-type starter and, D. timere, the Fire-type starter using the Ember technique

Figure 3: Thundurus, Brontotheron anthropoid, a species with one known member (legendary Pokémon) Discharging wildly into the surroundings. This Pokemon is Flying/Electric-typed and is not known to evolve; it travels over the Unova region following and creating electrical storms. Brontotheron and two other similar Pokémon species (Anemotheron and Terratheron) form the Kami trio, three extremely rare Pokemon that alter the landscape and weather systems of Unova

Figure 4: An evolutionary family composed of two members. A basic form or larvae Darumaka, Pyrogrennian daruma, with a single subsequent stage Darmanitan (Pyrogrennian morphopithecus)

Figure 5: Pinsir, Dermoscutus dinognath, an evolutionary family with a single basic form and no subsequent evolutionary stages. Pinsir egg (on left) containing a theoretical embryo

Figure 9: ~40 million years ago, a battle between two adult (final) forms, before the evolution of subsequent stages. The Ice-typed carnivorous Pokémon, Cubchoo (Arctos rhinoblenn) hunting a Normal/Grass-typed prey species Deerling (Condiresignum herbfawnia). The Deerling is defending itself with the Energy Ball technique; the predatory A. rhinoblenn is subduing the prey with Icy Wind. Adaptive turn-for-turn style battling gets abandoned in life and death interactions, both Pokémon use whichever

Figure 14: A grazing Nidorino (Androcnidos cornu) this species is an omnivorous, temperamental Poison/Ground-typed Pokémon. The final form (Androcnidos arche) hunts smaller Pokémon species to supplement a largely plant-based diet

Figure 15: A cave ceiling with two cave-dwelling species. An opportunistic ambush predator, Sableye (Phasmafusc gimmocculus) stalking an extremely common Flying/Poison species, Zubat (Haemophag anophthalmos). Sableye, a Dark/Ghost species, ordinarily feeds on inorganic minerals however also has the digestive machinery to consume flesh. The P. gimmocculus is using a Faint Attack, and is about to consume the roosting Zubat

Figure 17: Marine apex predator, Eelektross (Electromorsus ferocis), using Crush Claw to ambush a terrestrial omnivorous species, Simipour (Hydrocercopes lax). L. pour is a second stage Water-type Pokémon; primarily a fruitivore, this Pokémon occasionally supplements it’s diet with protein from Pokémon prey. Electromorsus ferocis, is an Electric-type Pokémon and the final stage of the tynamo line (Electromorsus)

Figure 19: A Ground-typed Pokémon, Sandslash (Loricatus temenochela) locked in battle with a Poison-type, Ekans, (Ophitoxis oophag). Fierce battles such as this, produced a pressure on species to evolve lethal offensives and heavy offences to stay alive. The Poison Sting attack of O. oophag ' being dodged by L. temenochela